Carbonates in space - The challenge of low temperature data

Carbonates in space - The challenge of low temperature data

1.Introduction

Inthe1970s,carbonateshavebeenpro-posedascarriersofmid-infraredfeaturesdetectedinastronomicalspectra,suchasthe11.3µmemissionbandseeninNGC7027andinthe’RedRectangle’(Gillet,Forrest&Merrill1973;Bregman&Rank1975;Bregman(1977)).

Inparalleltothat,re ectancespec-traofcalcite(CaCO3)andmagnesite(MgCO3)havebeenmeasuredinthelabo-ratory.Hellwegeetal.(1970)didthemea-surementsinthewholemid-andfar-IRrangeforcalcite,magnesiteanddolomite(CaMg[CO3]2)),whilePenman(1976)ex-aminedcalciteandmagnesiteinthe5–50µmregion.Allthesemeasurementshavebeencarriedoutatroomtempera-ture.

Carbonategrainshavebeenfoundinin-terplanetarydustparticles(IDPs).Sandford(1986)andTomeoka&Buseck(1986)re-portedtheidenti cationofcarbonatemin-eralsinIDPsbothbyachemicaldis-solutionexperimentandbytransmis-sionelectronmicroscopy.AsshownbyTomeoka&Buseck(1986),themineralogyoftheIDPcarbonatesisessentiallythatofbreunnerite–anMg-richsolidsolutionofmagnesiteandsiderite(FeCO3).SolidsolutionsofCa-andMg-carbonatesarerareintheIDPsexaminedsofar(seealsoJoswiak&Brownlee(2001)).Itisnote-worthythattheIDPsshowa6.8µmab-sorptionfeaturewhichisprobablydueto

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