大学英语六级汉译英

大学英语六级汉译英的基本原则及经典试题

六级汉译英讲义

一、汉译英应试原则和基本程序

（一）汉译英应试原则

手法灵活（如遇难译之处，换用其它相近说法表达）

语法正确（避免时态、语态、单复数等语法错误）

内容忠实（必须把原文的内容准确而完整地表达出来，不得有任何歪曲、遗漏或增删）

语言闪光（译文符合英语表达习惯，且用词准确、多样）

（二）汉译英基本程序

1．理解 通读并透彻理解原文含义

2．翻译 确定译文句子的时态、句型、结构和用词

3．审校 首先检查译文是否正确地转述了原文内容，是否有错译和漏译；其次，检查是否有语言上的明显错误，如时态、语态、单复数、拼写、大小写、标点符号等。发现错误，及时改正。

二、汉译英专项练习

一、倍数增减的表示法

Force N1 _______________(比力N2大2.5倍).

This substance _______________(反应速度是另外那种物质的三倍).

The earth _______________(是月球大小的49倍).

The landlord _______________(想将租金提高三分之一).

They _______________(计划将投资增加一倍).

二、时态

Be quick, _______________(否则等我们到达教堂时婚礼就已经结束了).

When she got home, _______________(孩子们已经睡着了).

When I prepare for the college entrance examination, _______________(我姐姐将在海边度假).

I_______________(一上午都在修改我的简历).

Do you often go on holiday? _______________(不，我已经有五年没有度假了).

He joined the army in October, 2001. _______________(他参军已五年了).

三、被动语态

The blackboard and chalk _______________(正在被电脑和投影机所取代).

The book _______________(到今年年底就将已出版).

Computer models _______________(可以用来演示细胞工作的方式).

When the bill of fare was brought, _______________(我惊呆了，价格大大超出了我的预料).

_______________(必须立即采取有效措施)to eliminate sandy storms.

四、情态动词

The phone is ringing, _______________(但是没人接听。她一定不在家).

I can t find my sunglasses. _______________(我可能昨天落在咖啡店里了).

You screamed in your sleep last night. _______________(你一定梦见什么可怕的东西了).

It s a pity. _______________(你本应该邀请她来参加你的毕业典礼的).

_______________(其实我没必要穿上我最好的套装去参加那次聚会的); most of the guests were wearing jeans and sweaters.

五、虚拟语气

I wish _______________(我年轻的时候有你们这样的机会).

If only _______________(他知道这病是可以治好的)! Then he would not have killed himself.

?? Would you like him to paint your door with yellow stars?

?? I d rather he _______________(漆成蓝色的，而且不带任何装饰).

It s high time that _______________(采取措施解决交通堵塞的问题).

Hugh usually talks _______________(仿佛在大会上发表演说似的).

We insist that _______________(让杰克立刻进医院).

It was advised that _______________(在居民区设立更多的流动商店).

His proposal was that _______________(他们成立一个专门委员会来检查这个问题).

We are going to discuss his suggestion that _______________(取消期中考试).

It is ridiculous that _______________(我们在一个总是下雨的国家还缺水).

It is essential that _______________(每个人都为紧急情况做好准备).

_______________(如果他按照我告诉他的办法订票), we would have had quite a comfortable journey.

I was to have made a speech _______________(要不是有人把我的话打断了).

It didn t rain last night. _______________(要是下了，地就会湿的).

_______________(如果我一直住在纽约), I would know the U.S. well now

If the doctor had not come in time, _______________(他现在就不在人间了).

But for his help, _______________(我们就不会以这么低的价格租到房子了).

I used my calculator; _______________(否则，我会花更长的时间才能算出这道题).