CSNC2010第一届中国卫星导航学术年会 北京

卫星导航系统监测站覆盖性能分析及布设方法初步研究*

李作虎1 郝金明1 李建文1,2 赵齐乐2 张成军1

(1.信息工程大学测绘学院，河南 郑州，450052； 2.武汉大学卫星导航定位技术研究中心，湖北 武汉，430079)

摘 要：监测站作为卫星导航系统控制段的重要组成部分之一，对系统基本服务功能的提供和各项性能指标的保持都具有重要意义。提出了一种用于监测站覆盖性能评估的模型；基于该模型以GPS为例对单个监测站覆盖性能、站际重叠覆盖性能以及监测网整体覆盖性能进行了实验分析，结果表明该模型可以用于监测站性能评估和布网设计及优化；采用模拟仿真的方法对GPS地面监测站的故障敏感性进行了分析，确定了在整个监测网络中具有重要影响以及能够导致较大完好性风险产生的监测站；最后探讨了监测站的布设方法，给出了一种基于覆盖性能的分期分级布设方案。 关键词：卫星导航系统；监测站；覆盖性能；故障分析；

Primary study on coverage and distributing methods of satellite

navigation system Monitor Stations

Li Zuohu1 Hao Jinming1 Li Jianwen1,2 Zhao Qile2 Zhang Chengjun1

(1.Institute of Surveying and Mapping, Information Engineering University, Henan Zhengzhou, 450052, China; 2. Navigation and Positioning Technology Research Center, Wuhan University, Hubei Wuhan, 430079, China)

Abstract: As one of the important components of satellite navigation system control segment, Monitor Stations are of great significance for the provision of system basic service function and the maintenance of all performance indexes of the system. A model used for the assessment of Monitor Stations coverage is given, which can be used as the basis to carry out tests and analysis on three aspects including the coverage of single station, the overlap of two stations and the whole coverage of Monitor Station net, taking GPS for instance. The results show that this model is effective to evaluate the Monitor Station coverage and design the net and optimize it. Then the sensitivity analysis of GPS ground station outages is carried out, which determines the stations that are of great influence and can be resulted in larger integrity risks. And the distributing methods of Monitor Station are discussed with a scheme by stages and classification based on the coverage.

Key words: satellite navigation system; Monitor Station; coverage; outage analysis

1 引言

监测站作为卫星导航系统地面控制段的重要组成部分之一，承担着重要而关键的任务。监测站的作用可以概括为两点：一是辅助主控站完成维持系统基本功能的任务，包括求取定轨、卫星钟差等关系到卫星导航系统导航、定位以及授时的基本功能的重要参数；二是实时监控整个系统的运行状况，从而提高整个系统的精度、完好性、连续性和可用性。由于监测站与卫星导航系统的服务性能密切相关，因此，监测站的可靠性和布设的合理性对于卫星导航用户，特别是航空等关系到生命安全的用户而言，具有重要意义。

美国具有得天独厚的条件，GPS监测站得以在全球布设。然而由于监测站的限制，诸如监测站的地理位置分布，设备的可靠性以及通信链路的可靠性等因素，即使到目前，GPS地面监测网还不能够对每*

基金项目：卫星导航与定位教育部重点实验室（B类）开放基金课题（GRC2009005）

1