WirelessPortableMicrocontrollerbasedWeatherMonitoring

Station

J.T.Devarajua, ,K.R.Suhasa,H.K.Mohanab,VijaykumarA.Patilc

a

DepartmentofElectronicscience,BangaloreUniversity,Bangalore,India

DepartmentofElectronics,SeshadripuramFirstGradeCollege,Yelahanka,Bangalore,Indiac

DepartmentofElectronics,BasaveshwaraCollegeofCommerce,Arts&Science,Rajajinagar,Bangalore,India

b

articleinfoabstract

Weathermonitoringanditsforecastinghasbecomevitalpartofday-to-daylifebecauseofitsnumerousapplicationsinagriculture,farming, shery,shippingandmilitaryoperations.MeasuringtheweatherusingconventionalormanuallyoperatedWeatherMonitoringStationsrequiresskilledlaborforoperationanddemandsregularmaintenancewhichinvariablyincreasesthelifecyclecostoftheWeatherMonitoringStation.Toaddresstheseissues,theauthorsofthispaperhaveattemptedtodesignandimplementinexpensiveWirelessPortableWeatherMonitoringStationusingPIC16F887microcontroller.TheimplementedWeatherMonitoringStationisequippedwithsensorstomeasureweathervariablessuchasrelativehumidity,atmosphericpressure,rainfall,solarradiation,windspeed,winddirection,surfaceandambienttemperature.Besidesofthesecapabilities,thedesignedWeatherMonitoringstationalsoincludessomeuniquefeatureslikeModbuscommunicationprotocol,whichprovidesseamlesslycommunicationofrealtimeweathermeasurementstothebasestation(PCnLaptop)overbothwired(RSserial)andwireless(XbeePromodules)interfaces.Further,atthebasestation,thereceiveddataisloggedanduploadedtoanonlinedataservertoenableworldwideubiquitousaccesstotheweathermeasurements.

Ó2015ElsevierLtd.Allrightsreserved.

Articlehistory:

Received18December2014

Receivedinrevisedform31July2015Accepted10August2015

Availableonline24August2015Keywords:

WeatherMonitoringStationSHT11BMP180

AnemometerWindvaneRaingauge

1.Introduction

InIndia,weathermonitoringcanbetracedbacktoVedicperiodliterature,whichpresentsextensivediscus-sionsabouttheseasonalcyclescausedduetothemove-mentofeartharoundtheSun,formationofcloudsandrainfall[1].Weatherchangesatitsnormalconditionsgreatlyin uencethedailymoods[2]andactivitiesofmansuchasagriculture,farming, shing,entertainment,shippingandmilitaryoperations[3–5].Butovertheyears,

Correspondingauthor.

E-mailaddresses:devarajujt@bub.ernet.in(J.T.Devaraju),kopprumsuhas@gmail.com(K.R.Suhas),mohana1.amma@gmail.com(H.K.Mohana),sangamasharana@gmail.com(V.A.Patil).

www.1mpi.com.

manyeventshavemadesigni cantimpactonmankindbydestroyingvaluablepropertyandtookawaymanylives,intheformof oods,stormsandhurricanes.Again,theweatherconditionsaftertwentiethcenturyisevenmoreworstduetopopulationexplosion,overmigration,defor-estation,globalwarmingandotheractivities.Hence,inordertomonitorandtrackweatherchanges,WeatherMonitoringStationsareemployedworldwide[6].

AtypicalmodernWeatherMonitoringStationusesmultiplemeteorologicalsensorstomonitorweatherchangesbysensingweathervariablessuchastemperature,relativehumidity,dewpoint,atmosphericpressure,winddirectionandwindspeed.ThesemeteorologicalsensorsmaynotbelimitedtomechanicalbutalsoderivedfromadvancedtechnologiessuchasSolidStateand