托福阅读修辞目的题解题技巧

一、托福阅读修辞目的题答题要求

在修辞目的类问题中，考生将被考查的是理解作者为什么在文章中某个特别位置或者以某种特殊的方式陈述一个特别的信息。修辞目的类问题考查考生是否理解一句话或一个段落在与文章的其他部分相联系时所起的修辞性作用。有时候这类问题要求考生确定一个段落与另一个段落之间的联系，也可能考查作者提到某一条特别信息的原因或者是考查作者引用某一个人的例子的原因。

修辞目的类问题经常以下列方式进行提问：

The author discussed X in paragraph 2 in order to……

Why does the author mention X?

The author uses X as an example of……

二、托福阅读修辞目的题解题技巧

1. 首先要知道一些经常用来描述各种修辞目的的单词或词组的具体含义：“definition”“example”“to illustrate”“to explain”“to contrast”“to refute”“to note”“to criticize”“function of”;

2. 修辞目的类问题通常不会考查整篇阅读文章的结构，而是常常关注句子或段落之间的逻辑关系。

三、托福阅读修辞目的题例题解析

Allopatric speciation may be the main speciation route. This should not be surprising, since allopatry is pretty common. In general, the subpopulations of most species are separated from each other by some measurable distance. So even under normal situations the gene flow among the subpopulations is more of an intermittent trickle than a steady stream. In addition, barriers can rapidly arise and shut off the trickle. For example, in the 1800s a monstrous

earthquake changed the course of the Mississippi River, a large river flowing in the central part of the United States of America. The change separated populations of insects now living along opposite shore, completely cutting off gene flow between them.

Why does the author provide the information that subpopulations of most species are separated from each other by some measurable distance?

A. To indicate how scientists are able to determine whether subpopulations of a species are 地址：北京市海淀区海淀北二街8号 中关村SOHO A区 2层

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