主谓一致

一．语法一致原则:

1. 舍近求远：A with B, 谓语动词与A一致。along with, together with, like(象), but (除了),except, besides, as well as, no less than, rather than, including, in addition to

Air as well as water_________ matter. No one except two servants _________late for the dinner.

2. 用and连接的并列主语,如果主语是同一个人,同一事,同一概念, 谓语动词用单数, 否则用复数.

The poet and writer ________ come.(has/have) The poet and the writer ________come.(has/have)

3. 用and连接的成对名词习惯上被看成是一个整体,

bread and butter(黄油抹面包), knife and fork(刀叉)等作主语时, 谓语动词用单数.

4. 不定式, 动名词作主语时, 谓语动词用单数，主语从句做主语，谓语动词同表语一致

To see _______ to believe. 眼见为实。Serving the people ________my great happiness.

5. 用连接的并列主语被each, every 或no修饰时, 谓语动词用单数.

Every boy and every girl _____to go swimming. No teacher and no student ___absent from the meeting. each of + 复数代词, 谓语动词用单数. 复数代词+each, 谓语动词用单数.

Each of us _______ something to say.

6. 若主语中有more than one 或many a/an , 尽管从意义上看是复数, 但它的谓语动词仍用单数. 但more+复数名词+than one做主语时, 谓语动词仍用复数.

Many a boy ________ playing basketball. More than one student ________ late.

7. none 做主语时,谓语动词可用单数, 也可用复数; 但在代表不可数的东西时总是看作单数,因而谓语动词要用单数.

None of us ____________perfect. None of this __________ me. (worry/worries)

8. 表示部分工具的名称,衣服名称等作主语时, 谓语用复数形式：trousers, shoes, glasses, goods, clothes. 如果这些词由 pair, piece, kind + of 修饰,则用单数形式.

My trousers ________ white and his clothes _________ black. A pair of shoes _________ lying here.

9. 形复意单名词如:news ; 以ics 结尾的学科名称如: physics, mathematics, economics(经济学),

politics,; 国名如: the United States; 报纸名如: the New Times; 书名如: Arabian Nights <天方夜谈>; 以及The United Nations<联合国> 等作主语时, 谓语动词用单数.

Physics________ very important. The New times _________ printed this article. (has/have)

10. “a +名词+and a half “, “the number of + 名词” 等作主语时, 谓语动词要用单数. “one and a half + 名词”, “one or two + 复数名词”,用复数动词

Only one and a half apples________ left on the table. One or two places ________ been visited.

二． 内容一致原则:

1.主语中有all, half, most, the rest等，以及“分数或百分数+名词”做主语时,谓语单复数看名词。 The rest of the bikes_________ on sale today. 60%of the apple _______ eaten by little boy.

Most of the apples________ rotten. (was/were) Most of the apple ________ eaten by a rat. (was/were)

2. 不定数量的词组, 如:part of , a lot of , lots of , one of , a number of , plenty of等作主语时, 谓语动词的单复数取决于量词后面名词的数。

A part of the textbooks ________ arrived. A part of the apple _______ been eaten up by the pig.