Assess the development of trade unions and nature of industrial relations.

The development of trade unions

Trade unions stem from Britain. People make up some public organizations to unite the workers in a common work environment, fulfill the needs of daily communication and protect their jobs and livelihood. This is the rudiment of trade unions.

After the 1840, the scale of trade unions expands from local organizations to national organizations. The main jobs of trade unions in this period are withstanding the employer's pay cut willfully, gratuitous dismiss the staff and asking for increase worker's wages by organize the staff's strikes.

The experience of repeatedly lose the strike led the trade unions turn to take part in the political activity. However, the first political movement organized by the trade union goes under quickly. Trade unions strengthened the development of national trade unions. They combine with other trade unions in the different industry to form a big trade union and withstand the employers not only use the strike ways but also revise and enlarge laws to promote staff's work environment. After the 1860, the trade unions' consciousness of unite develop quickly especially after the established of Trade Unions Congress. The Parliamentary Committee takes charge of the related things of the strike and improved people's view of trade unions. The most important thing is the Parliamentary Committee legitimated the trade union movement. The trade union movement gain is a completely legal status in the law. Trade unions make great efforts to expand worker's voting right.

Reformation of trade unions' legal status in law completed in 1880. Trade unions would be never punished because of withstand employer. The statement that the trade union is a conspiracy has been cancelled and the staff runs the contract has been instead by civil hurt indemnity. The Factory Act provided staff's work environment, work time and salary.

Currently, the trade unions use non-violence and non-revolutionary ways , from a social pressures or proceed a collective consultant to proceed a reformation. This was all expressed collective strength. Trade unions make efforts to strive for worker's welfare such as pay, work time, work environment and so on.

The nature of industrial relations

Industrial relation means the relationship between employer and workers about the rights and obligations. This relationship found through a labor contract or a collective agreement which conclude and signs by the two sides. The determination of these issues may take place on an individual worker basis, as they were in the early days of industrialization, or, more commonly these days, on a collective basis with workers being represented by unions-a process providing a better balance of power between employer and employee. The right of collective bargaining and its associated right to strike, are social rights enshrined in two laws. Resort to collective bargaining obviously encroaches on the employer's right to manage, and the extent of encroachment depends on the interests of the parties and the price they are prepared to pay as to where the line is drawn.